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Summary Objectives: To describe the characteristics of the population diagnosed with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (dm2) infected by sars-CoV-2, and to evaluate whether there is an association between dm2 history and covid-19 severity. Method(s): non-probabilistic by convenience sampling, information was obtained from the Online Notification System for Epidemiological Surveillance (sinolave) of the Family Medicine Unit No. 28 of the Mexican Institute of Social Security. A total of 1688 confirmed cases of covid-19 were identified and grouped into patients with and without dm2. Bivariate statistical analysis was performed with Excel 2019 and Stata v. 15.1 programs;measures of association were used using Poisson logistic regression and chi2 test with statistical significance <0.05. Result(s): it was observed that, in patients with covid-19 and dm2, the prevalence ratio of severe acute respiratory infection, diagnosis of pneumonia, hospitalization, and death were higher compared to the group without dm2. Conclusion(s): the frequency, of unfavorable characteristics, was higher in the group of patients with dm2. Health conditions caused by covid-19 reinforce the relevance of an intentional search for undiagnosed diabetic patients, untreated or under treatment with poor glycemic control, in order to avoid major health complications.Copyright © 2023, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. All rights reserved.
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The Covid-19 quarantine, its effects and impact, not only escalated into a slowed down global economic growth but also the modification of people's values and its manifestations. The purpose of this article is to reveal the manifestations of help and support to others, whether prosocial behaviors or simple solidarity, that developed from the crisis situation brought by the pandemic in the Republic of Panama. This article delivers quantifiable descriptions on the association of demographic data and prosocial actions performed by a sample of 502 survey participants during the time of the pandemic. Results suggest that social interaction in the form of emotional accompaniment and food provision were the most commonly performed prosocial actions during this period in general. According to sex, women were more inclined to offer advice and provide mentorship, while men were more inclined to offer making repairs. There is a statistically significant association between actions and levels of education where those with university degrees are mostly represented when it comes to giving money and paying off bills.
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Introduction: Drug-related problems (DRP) are events or circumstances in which drug therapy does or could interfere with desired health outcomes. In December 2019, a new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, appeared. Little knowledge about this type of infection resulted in the administration of various drugs with limited use in other pathologies. Evidence about DRP in patients with COVID-19 is lacking. Objective: The aim of the present study is to describe identified cases of DRP and those drugs involved in the first wave of patients with COVID-19, and evaluate associated risk factors. Material and methods: Observational, retrospective study performed in a tertiary university hospital between 14th March 2020 and 31 May 2020 (corresponding to the first COVID-19 wave). We recruited patients admitted during the study period. Exclusion criteria included age < 18 years; admission to critically ill units; and care received either in the emergency room, at-home hospitalization or a healthcare center. Results: A total of 817 patients were included. The mean age was 62.5 years (SD 16.4) (range 18-97), and 453 (55.4%) were male. A total of 516 DRP were detected. Among the patients, 271 (33.2%) presented at least one DRP. The mean DRP per patient with an identified case was 1.9. The prevailing DRPs among those observed were: incorrect dosage (over or underdosage) in 145 patients (28.2%); wrong drug combination in 131 (25.5%); prescriptions not in adherence to the then COVID-19 treatment protocol in 73 (14.1%); prescription errors due to the wrong use of the computerized physician order entry in 47 (9.2%); and incorrect dosage due to renal function in 36 (7%). The logistic regression analysis showed that patients who received only prescriptions of antibacterials for systemic use (J01 ATC group) faced a higher likelihood of experiencing a DRP (OR 2.408 (1.071-5.411), p = 0.033). Conclusion: We identified several factors associated with an increased risk of DRPs, similar to those reported in other pre-pandemic studies, including a prolonged length of stay, higher number of prescribed drugs and antimicrobial administration. The relevance of pharmacists and tools like pharmacy warning systems can help prevent, identify and resolve DRP efficiently.
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Background: Caregiver stress is a common problem observed in nursing homes. Aim: To determine the association between the level of resilience and stress, anxiety and depression in formal caregivers of older people institutionalized in long-stay establishments during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: One hundred ninety eight formal caregivers working at 11 long term residences for older people in southern Chile were invited to answer the SV-RES resilience and the DASS-21 anxiety and depression scales and 102 agreed to participate. Results: We observed a significant association between the resilience scale score and variables such as weekly working hours (p < 0.01), current hours of sleep (p < 0.01), self-perception of sleep (p < 0.01), anxiety level (p < 0.01) and stress level (p < 0.01). Conclusions: A higher score on the Resilience Scale was associated with the absence of anxiety and stress, working between 22 and 43 hours per week, sleeping between 7 and 8 hours of sleep and a satisfactory self-perception of sleep. Studying the factors associated with resilience in formal caregivers of the elderly allows healthcare personnel to focus preventive actions, intervening promptly in risk areas associated with the work context, and strengthening the personal resources of caregivers.
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UNESCO Global Geoparks (UGGps) have become one of the most important territories for teaching geosciences and natural environment awareness in a sustainable development framework. The strategy of using geotourism and geosciences as the main engine for territorial development has successfully created an outdoor classroom where people from all over the world can learn about our planet in a scientific, cultural, and social manner. This, linked to the Covid-19 pandemic, has resulted in a safe activity for all those curious and knowledgeable people who can take a break and enjoy Earth itself with no barriers. In this study, information about UGGps and education was compiled from one of the most important databases within the international scientific community: Clarivate (TM) Web of Science. Its analysis shows the state of the art and the situation of this interesting topic inside the actual science context. Besides that, they give clues about the future of these territories and hints of new paths in the field of scientific research to create multiple quality educational models, accessible and adapted for everyone.
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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a socioeconomic crisis, increasing food insecurity. Government measures have not been enough, and the community has organized itself to solve its food needs. In Chile, the "Ollas Comunes" (OC) have re-emerged: self-managed social organizations whose purpose is to feed community members in a situation of hunger. The study aims to describe the characteristic elements of the operation of the OC in Chile during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method(s): This is a cross-sectional and descriptive study, which uses quantitative and qualitative data. Through an online form, information was collected from 117 OC nationwide. Result(s): On average, nine people work in the OC, with different tasks. The OC operated mainly three days a week in community spaces and in the more vulnerable neighborhoods. The volunteers recognized that the OC arose from a community need that the government could not attend to;the OC promoted social participation and helped the vulnerable population. Conclusion(s): This research could help develop public policies that consider these community organizations and their role in food insecurity and take advantage of the community capacity.Copyright © 2022 Sociedad Espanola de Nutricion Comunitaria. All rights reserved.
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Introduction: universal neonatal hearing screening is a test that enables to identify or suspect hearing loss, performed via habilitation or rehabilitation plan. Background: determine the coverage of universal hearing screening in the epidemiological context of COVID-19 in Guantanamo province, during the period of march 2020 to march 2021. Method: a descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out. A total of 5 999 newborns (as Universe) were involved in the study. Variables used were as follow: sex, newborns with or without risk factors, and otoacoustic emissions, which outcomes allowed for the evaluation of universal hearing screening coverage. The standard indicator (95%) and the time at which the first otoacoustic emissions were made were defined. The percentage of newborns detected before one month of life was established as indicator. Results: the 51.1% of the 5 999 newborns were male and 48.3% were female. The 100% of newborns (5 838) without risk factors underwent to the first examination, meanwhile, among those with risk factors (151 newborns) 0.2% (10) could not be tested. Screening of newborns without factors occurred between 1 and 3 days after birth. Screening was never performed after 30 days of birth in those who presented risk factors. Coverage was 99.8% and the reference rate was 0.2%. Conclusions: Universal Hearing Screening Program application in the context of COVID-19 pandemic in Guantanamo province shows a fulfillment in the coverage indicator.
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Introduction and Objectives: Strategies to simplify the care circuit for patients with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) are vital to achieving its eradication. To achieve this aim, we introduced an electronic system of HCV serology detection to link diagnosis with specialized assistance in order to minimize the loss of patients. Material(s) and Method(s): A retrospective single-center study of HCV patients developed by Microbiology Department from February 15th, 2020, to December 15th, 2021. In the event of a positive HCV antibody, the anti-HCV core was directly measured by the electronic system. If positive, an encrypted e-mail with the patient data was automatically sent to HCV specialized physicians, who, after evaluating the benefits of antiviral therapy in each patient, contacted them by phone for an appointment. In the first face-to-face consultation FibroScan, HCV genotype and viral load measurement were performed, and antiviral therapy was prescribed. Patient diagnosis origin and public health characteristics were recorded. We analyzed the association between antiviral therapy prescription and these variables. Statistical significance was set at p<0.005. Result(s): Of 171 patients identified, with a mean age of 59.6 +/- 15.9, 61.5 % of males and 81.2% of Spanish nationals. HCV origin from out-of-hospital settings predominated (50.9%, 87/171), particularly primary care (28.7%), penitentiary (11.6%) and addiction units (8.2%). In all, 43.3% (74/171) were aware of their diagnosis, but 64.9% (48/74) hadn't previously received antiviral therapy. Genotype 1 predominated. We recorded 19.4% (20/103) of patients F3 fibrosis and 27.2% (26/103) F4. Finally, 58.5% (100/171) attended a physician consultation. They were all treated with pangenotypic interferon-free therapy. A 100% rate of sustained viral response was achieved. The main reasons for not being treated were high comorbidity (43.7%,31/71), not located (23.9%, 17/71), patient refusal to treatment (23.9%,17/71) and death (8.5%,6/71). The sole association found between antiviral therapy and patient variables was that of comorbidities with being untreated (OR=7.14, p<0.001). Conclusion(s): Our alert system is simple and easily reproducible. It allows for minimizing the loss of HCV patients, even considering it was performed during the COVID-19 pandemic.Copyright © 2023
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This paper presents the results of an empirical study, conducted during the months of February to March 2021, with the objective of analyzing innovative activity in product, process and organizational innovation and its impact on the performance of MSMEs. An online survey was conducted with the participation of 430 companies stratified according to sector (Industry, Construction, Commerce and Services) and size (micro, small and medium enterprises). The model used was multiple linear regression, whose response variable was company performance and the explanatory variables were product, process and organizational innovations. The results showed that process and organizational innovations were statistically significant, while product innovations were not significant. The coefficients were positive, implying that the higher the degree of process and organizational innovation, the higher the company's performance is expected to be. These innovations included changes in production processes, acquisition of new equipment, improvements in management, new procurement and purchasing processes, and changes in sales and commercial management. All these innovations were made during the pandemic period. © 2022 IEEE.
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Background: COVID-19 vaccination has been suggested as very effective in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), but most studies assess antibody levels within a few weeks after vaccination and do not use the most recent recommendations as seroconversion cut-off. The objective of VACOVEII study is to evaluate the antibody response to vaccination at 6 months using these recommendations, the improvement after a booster dose and the effect of the immunosuppressive therapy (IST). We present the intermediate results of the study. Method(s): Spanish multicentre, prospective and case-control study. 18 years or older IBD patients fully vaccinated against COVID-19 were included. Those with previous COVID infection were not included, but not excluded for the next analyses if the infection was subsequent. Main outcomes were anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibody (anti S) concentrations and rate of seroconversion (defined above the protection threshold of 260 BAU/mL), measured 6 months after vaccination at a single centralized laboratory. The effect of IST on the main outcomes was analysed, adjusted by age, vaccine type and COVID infection. Groups of treatment considered for the analysis were: Patients without IST (without treatment or under salicylates alone), anti-TNF in combination with immunomodulators (IMM), anti-TNF in monotherapy, IMM in monotherapy, ustekinumab and anti-integrin. Result(s): We included 313 patients with IBD (46.5% ulcerative colitis and 52.3% Crohn's disease, median age 49 years) vaccinated either with non-mRNA vaccines (14%) or mRNA vaccines (86%). Baseline therapy was: 124 patients without IST, 21 with anti-TNF plus IMM, 67 with anti-TNF in monotherapy, 54 with IMM in monotherapy, 28 with ustekinumab and 19 with anti-integrin. Mean anti S concentrations were significant lower in patients with anti-TNF compared with patients without IST (Figure 1). In multivariable analysis, lower antibody concentrations were independently associated with anti-TNF treatment, non-mRNA vaccines and older age. Within the patients with no COVID infection during the follow-up, we found very low rates of seroconversion in patients with anti-TNF (14.1%), ustekinumab (30.8%) and IMM in monotherapy (34.9%), compared with patients without IST (51.5%) (Table 1). In multivariable analysis, anti-TNF treatment, non-mRNA vaccines and older age were independently associated with lower rates of seroconversion, as well as ustekinumab and IMM in monotherapy (Table 2). Conclusion(s): COVID-19 vaccine-induced antibody seroconversion in patients with IBD, measured at 6 months and according to >260 BAU as protection threshold, is clearly lower than previously reported, with a profound impact by some IST therapies, mainly anti-TNF, besides age and type of vaccine.
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Introduction: The management of the obstetric patient is a matter of great importance, since it is necessary to guarantee the termination of the pregnancy with satisfactory results for the mother and the child, thus avoiding possible maternal or infant deaths. The general objective of our study was to describe obstetric morbidity and mortality in the emergency department of the Ambato Regional Teaching Hospital during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: Hospital emergency care records were studied in the period January-September 2020, through an observational, retrospective, descriptive study. In this work, emphasis is placed on the obstetric patient in the period during pregnancy and around childbirth, including the immediate puerperium. Results and Conclusion(s): it was evidenced that in the emergency service of the Ambato Regional Teaching Hospital of a total of 1082 patients treated in the emergency room, 92 of these corre-sponded to obstetric patients. The highest morbidity corre-sponded to eutocic deliveries with 39 patients. In the emergency department, 126 Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) tests were performed, 92 of them on all the obstetric patients seen in the emergency department, resulting in the virus being identified in 46 patients. The most affected age group in COVID patients was 18 to 33 years old, with overall age of 27 years. COVID morbidity predominated in obstetric patients, in the third trimester of pregnancy, 11 of them with fetal distress. Copyright © 2022, Venezuelan Society of Pharmacology and Clinical and Therapeutic Pharmacology. All rights reserved.
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Outdoor recreation has increased in recent decades, with an intensification after the COVID-19 lockdown. Previous studies have shown that disturbances from this activity may affect species behaviour and fitness, but its effect on ecological processes has been overlooked. Here, we test the impact of outdoor recreation on terrestrial vertebrate scavenger assemblage and scavenging patterns in El Hondo Natural Park, a Mediterranean wetland located in south-eastern Spain. We placed 185 carcasses monitored with camera traps between February 2020 and May 2021 in two areas: 'public access area', where visitors can freely access and carry out outdoor recreation, and 'restricted area', where visitors are not allowed. Our results showed that outdoor recreation altered the scavenger assemblage composition, especially affecting large species such as raptors. Non-native species scavenged almost four times more often on carcasses in public access areas than in the restricted areas, showing that human activities promote the presence of non-native species. Furthermore, vertebrates completely consumed 68.2% of the carcasses in the restricted area, decreasing to 46.7% in the public access area. In the restricted area, consumption time was shorter (111.8 vs. 157.5 h) and consumed biomass by vertebrate scavengers was larger (73.9 vs. 52.2%) than in public access area, evidencing that outdoor recreation also affects scavenging processes. Our study shows that outdoor recreation profoundly alters not only the scavenger assemblage but also key ecological processes such as carrion removal. This highlights the urgency of regulating tourism and maintaining restricted areas to preserve biodiversity and ecological processes, especially in highly anthropized landscapes.
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Vaccine programs towards populations should reflect their results on the economic improvement of their countries. In this work, a positive relationship between the number of infected to the economically active population is verified, which indicates that it is necessary to mount successful key programs as occurs in Ecuador. It is then shown that in effect the infection has a relationship on the economy of the countries and therefore these variables must be considered when verifying the rates of employment. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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Introduction: Nurses play a critical role in times of pandemic because they bring knowledge, skills, and life experiences together with the healthcare team. Objective: To understand the experiences gained from the lessons learned from the substantive processes in dealing with COVID-19 in pediatric practice, from a nursing perspective. Methods: Transcendental phenomenological qualitative study, carried out at the Pediatric Hospital "Octavio de la Concepción", Holguín, Cuba, in the period from February to April 2021. The experiences of eight nurses, seven physicians, five medical students and five nursing students, selected by non-probabilistic sampling, were integrated. Information was obtained through semi-structured interviews. Three stages were used: descriptive (choice of technique, interview, and formulation of the description), structural (reading, determination of the central theme, expression in scientific language) and discussion (comparison of findings with those of other researchers) to understand differences and similarities. Results: Three categories emerged from the data analysis: a) Experiences acquired in the teachings in the COVID-19 in social processes. b) Experiences acquired in the teachings in the COVID-19 for health professionals. c) Experiences acquired in the teachings in the COVID-19 for personnel in training. Conclusions: The implementation of health and social support actions in accessibility to health systems was evidenced. The opportunity to share experiences with experts facilitated the design of protocols, continuous generation of scientific evidence and the training of students with alternative methods. © 2022, Editorial Ciencias Medicas. All rights reserved.
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Introduction: Drug-related problems (DRP) are events or circumstances in which drug therapy does or could interfere with desired health outcomes. In December 2019, a new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, appeared. Little knowledge about this type of infection resulted in the administration of various drugs with limited use in other pathologies. Evidence about DRP in patients with COVID-19 is lacking. Objective: The aim of the present study is to describe identified cases of DRP and those drugs involved in the first wave of patients with COVID-19, and evaluate associated risk factors. Material and methods: Observational, retrospective study performed in a tertiary university hospital between 14th March 2020 and 31 May 2020 (corresponding to the first COVID-19 wave). We recruited patients admitted during the study period. Exclusion criteria included age < 18 years;admission to critically ill units;and care received either in the emergency room, at-home hospitalization or a healthcare center. Results: A total of 817 patients were included. The mean age was 62.5 years (SD 16.4) (range 18–97), and 453 (55.4%) were male. A total of 516 DRP were detected. Among the patients, 271 (33.2%) presented at least one DRP. The mean DRP per patient with an identified case was 1.9. The prevailing DRPs among those observed were: incorrect dosage (over or underdosage) in 145 patients (28.2%);wrong drug combination in 131 (25.5%);prescriptions not in adherence to the then COVID-19 treatment protocol in 73 (14.1%);prescription errors due to the wrong use of the computerized physician order entry in 47 (9.2%);and incorrect dosage due to renal function in 36 (7%). The logistic regression analysis showed that patients who received only prescriptions of antibacterials for systemic use (J01 ATC group) faced a higher likelihood of experiencing a DRP (OR 2.408 (1.071–5.411), p = 0.033). Conclusion: We identified several factors associated with an increased risk of DRPs, similar to those reported in other pre-pandemic studies, including a prolonged length of stay, higher number of prescribed drugs and antimicrobial administration. The relevance of pharmacists and tools like pharmacy warning systems can help prevent, identify and resolve DRP efficiently.
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This research document evidences the design and implementation of an entry control system with body temperature taking and disinfection with information registration and cloud storage for the Health Center - San Andres, the work is oriented to control the entry to the health center for both medical staff who meet their workday and users who receive medical care, as this becomes a bridge of contagion when having physical contact between patient and doctor, in order to prevent the spread of COVID-19.
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SESSION TITLE: Rare Genetic Mutations and Anatomical Variants SESSION TYPE: Rapid Fire Case Reports PRESENTED ON: 10/18/2022 12:25 pm - 01:25 pm INTRODUCTION: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal disease affecting older adults that results in progressive scarring of the lung parenchyma. Familial IPF (FPF), defined by disease in two or more first-degree relatives, is estimated to occur in 2–20% of all IPF cases and can present with varying phenotypes which may be difficult to diagnose. Inherited gene variation as well as environmental factors predispose a patient to disease development. Additionally, rare genetic variants in the genes encoding surfactant A (SFTPA1, and SFTPA2) that affect alveolar stability and endoplasmic reticulum stress have been reported in less than 1% of FPF cases. Understanding these genetic variants is essential in the diagnosis and management of patients with FPF. CASE PRESENTATION: A 47-year-old Hispanic male with a history of COVID-19 one year ago (not requiring hospitalization) presented to the hospital for a two-day history of subjective fever and shortness of breath. He was hypoxic requiring oxygen via high flow nasal cannula. He was admitted four months ago for shortness of breath and treated for pneumonia. Since then, he has had chronic dyspnea with exertion. Computed tomography of the chest showed extensive ground glass opacities, worse in the right lung, with basilar and upper lobe honeycombing, and air bronchograms in the bilateral lower lobes. Family history was significant for a mother, maternal aunt, maternal grandfather, and maternal cousin who all died from pulmonary fibrosis. His maternal cousin was treated at our facility, in which genetic sequencing revealed a mutation in SFTPA2, c.697T>C. Our patient was found to have the same genetic mutation. DISCUSSION: The genetic basis of IPF remains poorly understood. Prior studies suggest only 20-30% of FPF cases harbor an identifiable causative genetic variant. Rare variants in two biologic pathways contribute to the known heritability of FPF including pathologic variants in surfactant related genes which cause improper protein trafficking leading to endoplasmic reticulum stress, defects in autophagy, and type II alveolar cell toxicity. SFTPA1 and SFTPA2 variants have been associated with FPF and lung adenocarcinoma in a small number of families and there are few reported cases. While currently the SFTPA2, c.697T>C mutation, previously reported by our group in 2016, is considered a variant of unknown significance, its occurrence in two relatives with serious progressive interstitial lung diseases suggests that it is indeed pathogenic. CONCLUSIONS: Gene sequencing should be considered for all patients with a family history of pulmonary fibrosis as identification of a rare genetic variant may offer guidance to diagnosis, prognostication, and risk stratification when considering lung transplantation as well as identify additional relatives who may be affected by IPF. Reference #1: Kropski JA, Young LR, Cogan JD, et al. Genetic Evaluation and Testing of Patients and Families with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2017;195(11):1423-1428. doi:10.1164/rccm.201609-1820PP Reference #2: Wang Y, Kuan PJ, Xing C, Cronkhite JT, Torres F, Rosenblatt RL, DiMaio JM, Kinch LN, Grishin NV, Garcia CK. Genetic defects in surfactant protein A2 are associated with pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer. Am J Hum Genet. 2009 Jan;84(1):52-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.11.010. Epub 2008 Dec 18. PMID: 19100526;PMCID: PMC2668050. Reference #3: Pulmonary Fibrosis Due to a Novel Surfactant Protein Mutation R.A. Arciniegas Flores, I.A. Vital, K. Medepalli, D. DeMarzo, M.K. Glassberg Csete, R.A. Alvarez. https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_Meetings.A5437 DISCLOSURES: No relevant relationships by Roger Alvarez No relevant relationships by Eduardo Lopez Gonzalez No relevant relationships by Anita Singh
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Purpose : Exogenous endophthalmitis (EE) is the most serious complication of penetrating eye surgeries and open globe trauma (OGT). It is crucial to know the associated factors that will determine the final visual prognosis. The aim of the present study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical profile and visual outcomes (VO) predictors in patients with EE in a referral ophthalmology center. Methods : Retrospective, observational clinical study. Patients diagnosed with EE between January 2018 to September 2021 were included. Data collected included demographic characteristics, endophthalmitis origin, culture samples, microbiological diagnosis, initial and final best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and treatment received. Major outcome was change in BCVA after endophthalmitis treatment and associated factors. T-test and Fisher's exact test for statistical analysis were used. Results : Seventy-three patients with EE were included. Surgery associated (SA) was the most common cause responsible for 39 cases (53.4%), followed by keratitis associated 18 cases (24.6%) and trauma associated (TA) 16 cases (21.9%). Gram-positive bacteria predominated in positive cultures (n= 35 [54.3%]). There was a statistically significant difference at mean age between TA group 41.1 ±18.7 years and SA group 59.9 ±20.9 years (p= 0.002). Final logMAR BCVA in the TA group was 4 ±0.9 (Snellen, light perception [LP]) and in the SA group was 2.7 ±1.7 (Snellen, Hand Motion [HM]). Fourteen (35.8%) patients in the SA group had a final BCVA ≥ 20/400;whereas in the TA group all patients had a final BCVA ≤ CF. Risk factors for non-improving BCVA after EE included OGT (p= 0.007) and initial BCVA of LP or worse (p <0.0001) in the SA group. There was no statistical difference in the final VO in patients that were treated with intravitreal injection (II) and those treated with vitrectomy (VTM) (p =0.40). Although 6 patients (75%) treated with VTM had an improvement in final BCVA compared with 12 (57.1%) of the patients just treated with II, this could be due to the sample number. We observed a tendency of diminishing cases of TA endophthalmitis after covid era, this could be associated with the isolation measures recommended. Conclusions : Surgery associated EE had a better visual prognosis than those with trauma associated EE. The initial BCVA is a meaningful indicator for final VO, being favorable when is better than HM.
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Introduction: The organization of pediatric services is essential in the current process of confronting the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: To describe, from a nursing perspective, the social representation on management in the organization of pediatric hospital services for the care of patients suspected of COVID-19. Methods: A qualitative study of transcendental phenomenological methodological orientation was carried out at Octavio de la Concepción de la Pedraja Pediatric Hospital from Holguín, Cuba, between January and April 2021. The knowledge acquired from the experience of nurses, five supervisors, three area heads and eight ward chiefs, selected by nonprobabilistic sampling, was integrated. The following phases were used: descriptive, structural and discussion. The descriptive phase consisted of three stages: choice of technique, semistructured interview and elaboration of the description. The structural phase had the following stages: reading, determination of the central topic and expression in scientific language. In the results discussion phase, the results were related to the conclusions and findings of researchers to understand the possible differences or similarities for further enhancement. Results: Four categories emerged from the data analysis: design of nursing care protocols for COVID-19 positive and suspect patients;reorganization, recruitment and training of personnel;organization of working groups according to clinical picture and rapid test or PCR results;and general measures. Conclusions: The organization of nursing care services by groups avoided the collapse of the nursing human resource and guaranteed the availability of beds, as well as staff own safety and patient safety, to minimize in-hospital transmissibility. © 2022, Editorial Ciencias Medicas. All rights reserved.
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Cancer is a significant cause of death worldwide. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is spreading rapidly globally. Information on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its complications in cancer patients are still limited. It is relevant to consider that some chemotherapeutic agents have secondary immunosuppressive effects. Approximately 35% of hematologic cancer patients develop pneumonia caused by community respiratory viruses. People older than 65 years-old or with severe neutropenia or lymphopenia are at higher risk. Cancer patients with pneumonia infected by parainfluenza virus showed a higher risk of mortality compared to non-cancer patients (p < 0.05;12.3% vs. 3.8%) or coronavirus infections (p < 0.01;24% vs. 30%). Complications associated with SARS-COV2 infection in cancer patients are limited to descriptive studies, with those who received myeloablative, immunosuppressive or monoclonal antibody therapies being more susceptible.